Loustal Chinios
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日安歐漫
路斯塔（Jacques
de Loustal,
1956-）不但在圖文遊記題材方面算是先驅者，也出版了不少漫畫作品。他自言不是個全才漫畫家，寧可跟編劇合作，自己專心負責分鏡與整體呈現的部分就好。他筆下故事的時空總是如此引人遐思，異國情調與懷舊風的時空設定，就像王家衛的《花樣年華》般，在主角吞雲吐霧的手勢或腰身款擺的萬般風情中，我們早已沉醉。
《剛果小子》（Kid
Congo，1997）起點在上世紀初的塞內加爾，《女煞索妮雅》（White Sonya，2000）與《阿達莫夫兄弟們》（Les
Frères Adamov，1991）的故事均以
紐約黑街為背景，《美麗中國海》（Jolie
Mer de Chine，2002）的舞台則位於南海的郵輪上，即使是青少年讀物《突尼西亞發財夢》（50000
Dinars），背景也設定在地中海對岸的北非。路斯塔的作品延續著歐漫故事的冒險路線，把我們引向遠方。遠方，有著更多想像的空間。即使主角們有的死於非命，或是不知所終，距離彷彿沖淡了悲劇的色彩，就像個遙遠的舞台，看戲的我們雖然或叫好或落淚，但我們知道這一切終究只是戲。
路斯塔並不拘泥於傳統漫畫的分格方式，《旅遊淡季記事》（Arrière
saison，1985）算是比較早期的作品，作者採用一頁兩格的大塊面分鏡，其中的「惡女」與「歡喜冤家」系列每頁甚至只有一張大圖。這兩個系列將主角最靚最幸福的時刻永遠定格，接下來底下的旁白交代當事人種種下場。有人將愛侶毀容，有人將妻子的頭帶在身邊呢喃絮語，也有平時沉默溫順者突然發狂，毀了兩人的一生。路斯塔只用一格圖像與簡單幾句，成功營造出這兩個系列的黑色悲喜劇效果，人生可以如此荒謬，讓人看了想竊笑，卻笑得如此勉強。誰知道，哪天沉不住氣，心中的壓力悶鍋猛然炸開來，登上社會新聞版的不會是我們自己？
《巴尼藍調》（Barney
et la note bleue，1987）
的爵士樂手用毒品將自己的生命燃燒殆盡，《剛果小子》講述一個非洲年輕人飄零花都的命運，兩者也採用了一頁兩大格的分鏡手法，以沉緩的步調舖陳主人翁沉淪的命運，彷彿奏著低沉的哀歌，伴隨他們前往渾沌未明的未來。圖下方的旁白宛如早年無聲電影放映時在旁解說的「辯士」，以旁觀者的角度訴說主角們的悲情故事。
到了《女煞索妮雅》，漫畫家捨棄了旁白，分鏡變得較為複雜，取景也更為洗鍊有力。故事一開場，鏡頭先定格在一間囚室內部，我們只在一角瞥見一雙腳。鏡頭慢慢地推移，狹長的格子裡只看得見人物的半身，她起身走向鏡子，我們這才看到主角索妮雅部分的面貌。
路斯塔與他的編劇朋友們老愛讓主角們往下沉淪，弄得讀者們心酸酸。女煞索妮雅出獄後本想告別皮肉生涯，女扮男裝當起劫匪來，最後還是回到監獄裡跟姊妹們相聚，最安全的地方反而在牢裡。淳樸的《剛果小子》對法國女主人忠心不二，誰知道就這樣被她毀了一生。《阿達莫夫兄弟》中的駝子哥哥，為了贏得佳人芳心，不惜捨棄所有身家親人。《巴尼藍調》的爵士樂手傷害女人心與傷害自己一樣在行，《美麗中國海》與《旅遊淡季記事》也少不了陰謀與眼淚，還好有著一絲黑色幽默調和提味。
不論虛構的故事或是真實人生，異國特殊的氣味與氛圍讓路斯塔醉心不已。他筆下的漫畫像他本人一樣在世界各地上演，從他名下琳瑯滿目的旅行圖文集也可以看出他走過的國家。舉凡亞洲、美洲、非洲……等，漫畫家遊歷過太多太多地方，用洲來算比較省事。
路斯塔有張版畫以爪哇為題，暗藍色的火山吞吐著煙霧，在猩紅的天空襯托下更為顯著。一個旅人豪不畏懼地往火山走去，圖畫一角躲著一頭黃色的斑點小獸，不知道只是好奇窺伺，還是想伺機攻擊。這幅畫或許是漫畫家飄浪多年以來最好的縮影，異國有著各式各樣的風景與陷阱，他仍大步走去，流浪成就了他的藝術生涯，也成就了他的生命。不知道此時此刻，我們親愛的漫畫家，是正在旅行中呢，還是在巴黎家中計畫下一個出走之地？
路斯塔相關網站
Translation:
www.worldlingo.com
Loafs the beginning, loafs the end? French middle age Loustal article:
Jacques Loustal, one loafs the middle age, Yun the Yun France works as in red cartoonist one love principle pay no attention role. Anything haven't he certainly acted, he originally are this.
The road not, in the obscure steam has not had some sign hood USA vehicle slow mirror drives. The automobile body was one kind of old flesh color, mounted the full dust, walked too multichannel, brought the vehicle including the person to be all tired. Blue the much sea, the sand which Huang De is depressed, the vicinity has the high height low ancestor ?, has still neatly holds one pile of Art Deco small construction. In the distant place bay has the white pleasure boat, the eye is good also sees on the mast has 12 colored flags worn out flutters.
Then to the evening, the New York street corner, outside the music hall neon has not for a very long time extinguished, the happy sound all closes in the room, the street corner was quiet, does ? violates the law all rests, beat around the bush certainly the not hidden murderous intention.
On the Pacific Ocean some island, India, Marseilles, Singapore, in the room, side the bed, the woman, the dripping big perspiration, one pair of leather shoes, Jazz is happy... Jacques Loustal, one loafs the middle age, Yun the Yun France works as in red cartoonist one love principle pay no attention role. Anything haven't he certainly acted, he originally are this.
Does not depend on the ambition, does not flaunt resolves or the will, the work content is not startled world is indescribably tragic with overpowering momentum greatly manufactures the big story. The life, originally should like in Loustal these charts the lead, as well as he are ordinary, swim swing, on first on first.
We have the road movie, road writing, the road music, the outstanding person like heat German Si woodenly, Jia little, Jack Kerouac ("on road " author), Tom Waits as well as certain R.E.M. But must elect road cartoonist's speech, Loustal definitely is senior general. The senior general is not fierce, because the relative other people's swift and fierce styles, Loustal not necessarily more walks bravely, he only are by his own speed, gradually was.
Does not know Loustal actually when goes home? Does not know which not well-known pub he in, do gnaw one very dry Hamburg? Can he in which not know what person lies down on the bed feels cold gives off heat? He bring several paint brushes several manuscript paper? He have have not caught up with above bring one note computer? Has does not have Modem? Loafs how does the man need the science and technology? All hands over the body and mind, creates the person probably is used to all these painstakingly all beautifies, all becomes in the creation process most is worth the aftertaste the inspiration and the sexy origin. As looks on, we only may calmly look in front of his drawing, calmly reads his life, painstakingly the happy appeal precipitates after the year, tastes most really or is concerned the author personally.
The Loustal work is not certainly easy to look for, continuously only can on the road the off and on collection. On hand has two complete results, one for series chart " Barney and the Blue Note " English version, knight happy hand rough half a lifetime, one person on way; Another one is the illustration ?? " Cine-Romans ".
Two books all are Loustal all along style, the color ink carbon color, is thick ? sinks strongly fragrant. ?? independently looks like like the life fragment, everywhere sees the detail. To one situation, also does not mind he draw are not the story? Calculates series? The various start and the conclusion, respective composition different structure and the rhythm, with the way ??, passes through gets out of the way, opening reading, you read me, I read you. Loafs suddenly worries about the travel to this which the morning passes writes person Bruce Chatwin, has this kind of note extract inside his classical work The Songlines: " our mature lies in movement, compete calm is death ", drifts away dissolutely, tracks down each kind happy and is not happy, generally speaking not only this generation of person this generation of matter.
(City pictorial friendship supplies manuscript)
Loustal
chinois
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